Choose a topic which interests and challenges you. Your attitude towards the topic may well determine the amount of effort and enthusiasm you put into your research.

STEP 2. FIND INFORMATION

Surf the Net.

For general or background information, check out useful URLs, general information online, almanacs or encyclopedias online such as Britannica, or Encarta, etc. Use Search Engines and other search tools as a starting point.

Pay attention to domain name extensions, e.g., .edu (educational institution), .gov (government), or .org (non-profit organization). These sites represent institutions and tend to be more reliable, but be watchful of possible political bias in some government sites.

Check out other print materials available in the Library:

• Almanacs, Atlases, AV Catalogs

• Encyclopedias and Dictionaries

• Government Publications, Guides, Reports

• Magazines, Newspapers

• Vertical Files

• Yellow Pages, Zip or Postal Code and Telephone Directories

STEP 3. STATE YOUR THESIS

Do some critical thinking and write your thesis statement down in one sentence. Your thesis statement is like a declaration of your belief. The main portion of your essay will consist of arguments to support and defend this belief.

STEP 5. ORGANIZE YOUR NOTES

Organize all the information you have gathered according to your outline. Critically analyze your research data. Using the best available sources, check for accuracy and verify that the information is factual, up-to-date, and correct. Opposing views should also be noted if they help to support your thesis. This is the most important stage in writing a research paper. Here you will analyze, synthesize, sort, and digest the information you have gathered and hopefully learn something about your topic which is the real purpose of doing a research paper in the first place. You must also be able to effectively communicate your thoughts, ideas, insights, and research findings to others through written words as in a report, an essay, a research or term paper, or through spoken words as in an oral or multimedia presentation with audio-visual aids.

STEP 6. WRITE YOUR FIRST DRAFT

Start with the first topic in your outline. Read all the relevant notes you have gathered that have been marked, e.g. with the capital Roman numeral I.

Summarize, paraphrase or quote directly for each idea you plan to use in your essay. Use a technique that suits you, e.g. write summaries, paraphrases or quotations on note cards, or separate sheets of lined paper. Mark each card or sheet of paper clearly with your outline code or reference, e.g., IB2a or IIC, etc.

STEP 7. REVISE YOUR OUTLINE AND DRAFT

Read your paper for any content errors. Double check the facts and figures. Arrange and rearrange ideas to follow your outline. Reorganize your outline if necessary, but always keep the purpose of your paper and your readers in mind.

STEP 8. TYPE FINAL PAPER

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Know what genre of research paper you are writing. It can be an analytical paper that uses evidence to analyze facets of a topic. Or it can be an argumentative college research paper that uses evidence to attempt to convince the others of your perspective on a controversial issue.

3
Write a hypothesis. This is a statement of what the experiment needs to prove. For example, for an education major, a good hypothesis might be: the environment that a child grows up in affects a child social/emotional development.

4
Develop an abstract. This is a brief summary outlining the main content of a journal article or other document.

5
Write your introduction giving a brief overview of what you plan to research. Decide on the method for which you will do your research. One choice can be videotaping.
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Paragraph 1: An overview of what you will be discussing ending in a one sentence (though some may put it in three sentences) thesis statement listing the three main points you will state in your essay. These three main thesis points will outline the topic of each of your three paragraphs. (A thesis about, say, cows could read: Cows are good because they have black and white spots, eat grass, and moo)

Paragraph 2: The first point in your thesis discussed in more detail.

Paragraph 3: The second point in your thesis discussed in more detail.

Paragraph 4: The third point in your thesis discussed in more detail.

Paragraph 5: The conclusion of your essay. The first sentence should be your original thesis, just in slightly different words. After that, do your best at summarizing what you talked about.

Overall, this is a basic outline. If the research paper is more detailed you may add more paragraphs to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th paragraphs to expand your points.

I hope this helps!

The next steps, he says, are to craft the introduction and, finally, the conclusion.

With a wealth of information, organization can be tricky. Hesse says students should start by identifying two main sources and determining whether they agree or disagree, or if one source promotes a theory and another offers an example to support it. The difference or agreement can become the basic structure of the paper.

Narrow it down.

Find sources on that topic. Find quotes/key passages that interest you.

Create sub-claims based on the quotes/key passages.

Organize your sub-claims to create a thesis (main claim).

Write the research paper based on your thesis using your sources for reasons and evidence. Use warrants to show relevance between your claims and reasons.