A long time ago, it is what happened when a young man was interested in “seeing” a young lady. He asked her parents for permission to “court” her…to come visit her and sit on the porch in the porch swing and talk — or maybe to go into town — but always with a chaperone.

What a coincidence. This was just on an episode of the Rifleman, on the Western channel on cable. OK, I’ve seen the other answers. They’re good. Simply, the female being COURTED, realizes it, and is exclusive to the male suitor. Not going out with other guys, at the same time. There was no first, or second base. Without the ring, you’re not even allowed in the parking lot, before the ball game. (Honestly, NO pun intended). “Why Jethro honey, you brought me a dozen Carnations, and a pickle in your pocket.” “No Lulubelle, I’m just glad to see you.” Now that’s courting. Lulubelle is dropped off at her door, like an unopened Birthday gift. Still intact. You’re holding you hat, maybe hagging on the hatrack. You pole vault back into town. Lucas says, “good boy Mark, you made it home by 8:00″ Good ole Mark says, ” Thanks Pa, I’ve got some sheep sharing first, before I hit my homework.” Now that’s a true tale out of the old West, courtesy of Y/A’s.

From Encarta

1. prelude to marriage: the period of a romantic relationship before marriage

2. trying to gain somebody’s love: the act of paying attention to somebody with a view to developing a more intimate relationship

3. ingratiating behavior: friendly and often ingratiating attention for the purpose of winning a favor or establishing an alliance or other relationship

4. zoology mating behavior: behavior designed to attract another animal or bird as a mate, or the time during which an animal or bird engages in this

Courtship means you are being tried for a crime at sea.