man – men

woman – women

child – children

person – people

deer – deer

goose – geese

mouse – mice

moose – moose

sheep – sheep

tooth – teeth

datum – data

medium – media

criterion – criteria

alumnus – alumni

genus – genera

radius – radii

series – series

species – species

…

money – monies

…..

fish – fish

ox – oxen

index – indices

matrix – matrices

vertex – vertices

…

dwarf – dwarfs

roof – roofs

staff – staffs

These are just a few examples. There are many more.

The girls’ house — The house belongs to all the girls, so the apostrophe goes after “girls.” IIt does NOT get another “s.”

Exception: if the plural form of a word doesn’t end in “s,” as in women, then add the “s”: women’s rights.

To show that two words have been combined and letters have been left out, put an apostrophe where the letters were removed:

it’s = it is

haven’t = have not

she will = she’ll

Ending words with “ick” or “ic”

When a word ends with an “ick” sound, it will be spelled “ick” if the word has 1 syllable:

trick, pick, stick

Spell it “ic” if it has 2 or more syllables:

clinic, sarcastic, panic

Exceptions are almost all cases of compound words (two words combined to form one word), such as:

candlestick or seasick

If you can separate an “ick” word into two separate smaller words, then it is probably an exception.

Adding suffixes to words ending in “e” and “y”

When adding a suffix to a word, there are a few simple patterns that will help.

Words ending in a silent “e”

When the suffix begins with a vowel, drop the “e”:

like = liking

noise = noisy

Exception: When the word ends with a “ce” or “ge,” keep the “e” when you’re adding “able” or “ous” to the word:

service = serviceable

courage = courageous

When the suffix begins with a consonant, keep the “e”:

like = likeness

noise = noiseless

use = useful

Words ending in “y”

When there is a consonant before the “y,” change the “y” to an “i” before adding a suffix:

beauty = beautiful

worry = worrisome

Exception: When the suffix starts with an “i” keep the “y”:

worry = worrying

cry = crying

For example: you don’t write “Frenchs” or “Frenches,” but French, regardless whether it is pluralized or not.

The same seems to apply to English (people), Spanish, and many others else. But you do say Americans when you name several U.S. citizens. I don’t know the rule about that. I find it annoying since it may lead to confusion if you don’t precise.

Man- men, Woman-women, tooth- teeth, die-dice, goose-geese,.

Nouns ending in f turn the last letter into v then add es:

wife-wives, wolf-wolves,knife-knives. Exceptions: roof-roofs, handkerchief-handkerchiefs.

mouse–mice

moose–moose

man–men

woman–women

child–children

goose–geese

fly-flies

1 fish–2 fish