b. a demonstrative pronoun used as an adjective

A demonstrative indicates whether something is near or far from the speaker or writer and also shows 1. singular or plural:

This book (singular, near)

That book (singular, distant)

These books (plural, near)

Those books (plural, distant)

A demonstrative can be used as a determiner or a pronoun:

Example sentense 1: Could you pass me those leaflets? (determiner)

Example sentense 2: Give me that. (pronoun)

c. a demonstrative pronoun used as a pronoun

This; that; these; those; none and neither are Demonstrative Pronouns that substitute 1. nouns when the nouns they replace can be understood from the context. They also indicate whether they are replacing singular or plural words and give the location of the object:

EXAMPLES OF DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS:

This: singular and near the speaker

That: singular and at a distance from the speaker

These: plural and near the speaker

Those: plural and at a distance from the speaker

Example sentense 1.: You take these bags and I’ll take those. – (“Those” refers to bags that are at a distance from the speaker.)

Example sentense 2: We bought this last year – (“This” refers to something that is sing., near the speaker and readily understood in the context of the conversation.)

d. a possessive pronoun used as an adjective

My, your, his, her, its, our, and their are the English possessive 1. adjectives, used with nouns to show possession or ownership.

Example sentense. That’s my folder. (My is an adjective which shows that I am the owner of the folder.)

My; your; his; her; its; our; & their are the possessive adjectives in English. They are used before a noun to show possession.

e. a possessive pronoun used as a pronoun

Mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs are the possessive 1. pronouns used to substitute a noun and to show possession or ownership.

Example sentense. This is your disk and that’s mine. (Mine substitutes the word disk and shows that it belongs to me.)