Piagets Principles Of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

THheories of Cognitive Development

Introduction

Humans are complex creatures and psychologists have gone out of their way to understand and have come up with different theories to explain this complexity. In order to fully explain the human beings, psychologists have divided humans into domains depending on the stage of life.

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

Different psychologists have studied the human being and have come up with theories explaining why individuals behave in particular mannerisms. Cognitive theories have attempted to explain the mechanisms of learning and development. One of the major contributors to cognitive theories is Jean Piaget, who came up with the ‘theory of cognitive development’.

Cognitive Development is a branch in psychology that focuses on development of a child in terms of conceptualization, processing of information, perception among others.

Piaget’s Principles of Cognitive Development

Jean Piaget was a biologist and psychologist legendary for coming up with a model of child development during the early 90s. According to Piaget’s theory there are four development stages of a child’s development from the inherent impulses to complex activities.

The four stages include; Sensorimotor Stage (Age 0-2) – In the sensorimotor stage, the rational compositions are mainly involved with the mastery of material objects.

Pre-operational Stage (Age 2-7) – This stage involves the mastery of signs and symbols.

Concrete Operational (Age 7-11) – In the concrete stage, children learn mastery of modules, associations and figures and how to rationale. Formal Operational (early teens after 11)

–

The last stage deals with the mastery of ideas and contemplation. (Edelman, 2006)

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

Teaching strategies/methods based on Piaget’s Principles

1. Scaffolding

Scaffolding is a term used mainly in construction to mean the semi permanent erections that are put alongside an upcoming building to help the workers ascend during construction. After construction, the scaffolds loose there importance. In learning a similar concept is applied one lesson is used to build the concept of another lesson involving a chain of chronological activities. Scaffolding in a learning framework is a course of action by which a teacher presents students with a transitory framework for learning. This gives student’s confidence to extend their own inventiveness, drive and wits. (Lavatelli, 1973).

Piaget’s research highlighted dynamic findings over flaccid responses and the purpose of fundamental motivation, useful learning conditions and innovative and significant thinking. Each of these echoes an aspect of winning scaffolding:

On the go findings when a teacher instigates an activity that students then capture. Student then increases and fosters own learning force and applies new knowledge and student then depends upon new thoughts and bearing, after scaffolding is withdrawn. (Ormond, 2004.)

2. Experimentation:

This is an example of hand on learning where students separately carry out an experiment and then confer the results. Learners through conducting tests tend to retain information better, feel

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

accomplished, and be able to reassign experience to other situations. Piaget emphasized the need for education by doing. He authorizes that the education setting should be affluent with experiments.

He says the participation, is a main input to intellectual development. An example is in a swimming class students would learn and understand better if they are involved in the actual entry into the pool and following instructions from the teacher. (Lavatelli, 1973).

3. Research projects:

Research projects involve determination of a topic of interest and undertaking a research of the topic against a variable. After research, scholars present their results to the others. This is an application phase of learning and according to Piaget the students need to get the opportunity to apply the skills that have already been taught, it gives them the opportunity to think for themselves as in the third development stage of Piaget’s Theory. (Concrete Operation). A research project for example the development of the Information Communication and Technology will get students to master the types of ICT systems and contemplate them. (Ormond, 2004.)

4. Field trips.

Field trips permit students to position notions discussed in class in a real-world perspective. According to last stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, this deals with mastery of ideas and application in different situation outside, field trips help in contemplation of ideas outside the classroom. An example, students in elementary school have been learning about the different types of animals, taking them on a trip to the animal orphanage will help them relate to the ideas of the animals and their characteristics. (Hammond, 2003.)

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

References

Darling Hammond, L. (2003.)The Learning Classroom: Theory into Practice. Detroit Public Television and Mort Crim Communications,

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

Edelman, G. M. (2006) Second nature: brain science and human knowledge. New Haven, CT:

Yale University Press.

McDevitt, T. M., & Ormond, J. E. (2004.)Child development: Educating and working with

adolescents. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Lavatelli, C. (1973). Piaget’s Theory Applied to an Early Childhood Curriculum. Boston:

American Science and Engineering, Inc.

Running head: Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

TEACHING METHODS BASED ON PIAGET’S THEORY

NAME:

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

INSTRUCTORS NAME:

DATE OF SUBMISSION:

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

THEORIES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

Introduction

Humans are complex creatures and psychologists have gone out of their way to understand and have come up with different theories to explain this complexity. In order to fully explain the human beings, psychologists have divided humans into domains depending on the stage of life.

Different psychologists have studied the human being and have come up with theories explaining why individuals behave in particular mannerisms. Cognitive theories have attempted to explain the mechanisms of learning and development. One of the major contributors to cognitive theories is Jean Piaget, who came up with the ‘theory of cognitive development’.

Cognitive Development is a branch in psychology that focuses on development of a child in terms of conceptualization, processing of information, perception among others.

Piaget’s Principles of Cognitive Development

Jean Piaget was a biologist and psychologist legendary for coming up with a model of child development during the early 90s. According to Piaget’s theory there are four development

10/15

Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

stages of a child’s development from the inherent impulses to complex activities.

The four stages include; Sensorimotor Stage (Age 0-2) – In the sensorimotor stage, the rational compositions are mainly involved with the mastery of material objects.

Pre-operational Stage (Age 2-7) – This stage involves the mastery of signs and symbols.

Concrete Operational (Age 7-11) – In the concrete stage, children learn mastery of modules, associations and figures and how to rationale. Formal Operational (early teens after 11)

–

The last stage deals with the mastery of ideas and contemplation.

(

Edelman, 2006)

Teaching strategies/methods based on Piaget’s Principles

1. Scaffolding

Scaffolding is a term used mainly in construction to mean the semi permanent erections that are put alongside an upcoming building to help the workers ascend during construction. After construction, the scaffolds loose there importance. In learning a similar concept is applied one lesson is used to build the concept of another lesson involving a chain of chronological activities. Scaffolding in a learning framework is a course of action by which a teacher presents students with a transitory framework for learning. This gives student’s confidence to extend their own inventiveness, drive and wits. (Lavatelli, 1973).

Piaget’s research highlighted dynamic findings over flaccid responses and the purpose of fundamental motivation, useful learning conditions and innovative and significant thinking. Each of these echoes an aspect of winning scaffolding:

On the go findings when a teacher instigates an activity that students then capture. Student then increases and fosters own learning force and applies new knowledge and student then

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

depends upon new thoughts and bearing, after scaffolding is withdrawn. (Ormond, 2004.)

2. Experimentation:

This is an example of hand on learning where students separately carry out an experiment and then confer the results. Learners through conducting tests tend to retain information better, feel accomplished, and be able to reassign experience to other situations. Piaget emphasized the need for education by doing. He authorizes that the education setting should be affluent with experiments.

He says the participation, is a main input to intellectual development. An example is in a swimming class students would learn and understand better if they are involved in the actual entry into the pool and following instructions from the teacher. (Lavatelli, 1973).

3. Research projects:

Research projects involve determination of a topic of interest and undertaking a research of the topic against a variable. After research, scholars present their results to the others. This is an application phase of learning and according to Piaget the students need to get the opportunity to apply the skills that have already been taught, it gives them the opportunity to think for themselves as in the third development stage of Piaget’s Theory. (Concrete Operation). A research project for example the development of the Information Communication and Technology will get students to master the types of ICT systems and contemplate them. (Ormond, 2004.)

4. Field trips.

Field trips permit students to position notions discussed in class in a real-world perspective. According to last stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, this deals with mastery of ideas and application in different situation outside, field trips help in contemplation of ideas outside the classroom. An example, students in elementary school have been learning about the different types of animals, taking them on a trip to the animal orphanage will help them

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

relate to the ideas of the animals and their characteristics. (Hammond, 2003.)

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Piaget’s Principles Of Cognitive Development

References

Darling Hammond, L. (2003.)The Learning Classroom: Theory into Practice. Detroit Public Television and Mort Crim Communications,

Edelman, G. M. (2006) Second nature: brain science and human knowledge. New Haven, CT:

Yale University Press.

McDevitt, T. M., & Ormond, J. E. (2004.)Child development: Educating and working with

adolescents                                                                                              . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

Lavatelli, C. (1973). Piaget’s Theory Applied to an Early Childhood Curriculum. Boston:

American Science and Engineering, Inc.

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