Here is a good site for reference for Canada’s geologic history:

http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/environment/geology/ageofrocks

http://www.lloydminsterheavyoil.com/geooverview.htm

http://www.unb.ca/news/view.cgi?id=1374

(a quote from the above:

“The Canadian Shield contains some world-class examples of terrestrial impact craters formed hundreds of millions to billions of years ago,” said Dr. Spray. “These craters can tell us how the early Earth evolved, how meteorites and comets interacted with the planets of our solar system, and how economic metal deposits can form due to high-speed collisions of asteroids with Earth.”

Dr. Spray studies ultrahigh-speed collisions and how the friction and shock of impact causes transformations in rocks and minerals. This involves detailed field studies, mapping, sampling and remote sensing of impact sites like Sudbury and Manicouagan.

Following several constitutional conferences, the British North America Act brought about Confederation creating “one Dominion under the name of Canada” on July 1, 1867 with four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick.[13] Canada assumed control of Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory to form the Northwest Territories, where Métis’ grievances ignited the Red River Rebellion and the creation of the province of Manitoba in July 1870. British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had united in 1866) and the colony of Prince Edward Island joined Confederation in 1871 and 1873, respectively.

Prime Minister John A. Macdonald’s Conservative Party established a National Policy of tariffs to protect nascent Canadian manufacturing industries. To open the West, the government sponsored construction of three trans-continental railways (most notably the Canadian Pacific Railway), opened the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and established the North West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. In 1898, after the Klondike Gold Rush in the Northwest Territories, the Canadian government decided to create the Yukon territory as a separate territory in the region to better control the situation. Under Liberal Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, continental European immigrants settled the prairies, and Alberta and Saskatchewan became provinces in 1905.

when they dug the grand canyon they had no where to put the dirt so they thru it over the fence and thats how come there is a canada today

Glaciers.