Chemistry, Biology, Botany, Geology, Astronomy, Medicine

2. The name of the professional who works in those sciences usually, but not always, has a name based on the science

Chemist, Biologist, Botanist, Geologist, Astronomer, Doctor

There are also special categories within each science

e.g. Veterinary Science is Medicine for Animals

There are some pre-requisites to studying these sciences.

The language LATIN is dead, in that no nation uses it any more for their people, but most of the stuff in Chemistry and the Life Sciences, are named based on the rules of the Latin language, so one year of Latin should be studied before going into those sciences.

For many sciences, simple arithmetic is not enough to follow the logic, you need some advanced math subjects such as ALGEBRA GEOMETRY CALCULUS … it varies with the science how much of this makes sense as a pre-requisite

Some sciences are pre-requisites to each other.

You probably need to study some PHYSICS and GEOGRAPHY before you go into ASTRONOMY

You probably ought to study GEOGRAPHY before you study GEOLOGY or CLIMATE

As to the relative importance of the sciences, it depense on what you want as a career. I guess it is possible to have a successful life and be ignorant in all of the sciences, because OTHER PEOPLE will take care of our world for us.

But if you desire to make wise decisions in selecting leaders for Congress & Presidency, make sure that they enact wise policies for Health Care, disaster relief, etc. it is important to have a basic understanding of all the sciences.